1 “Early Manifestations of Influenza from Transatlantic Vessels Arriving at New York,” Box 146, Folder 1622, Record Group 90 – Records of the United States Public Health Service, National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD; “Epidemiology and Administrative Control of Influenza. On the very day that Copeland intended to begin a program to lessen congestion on public transportation, the Gillespie explosion caused the exact opposite. Other sanitary measures remain in effect.

A new amendment to the Sanitary Code allows Health Commissioner Copeland to arrest landlords who do not heat homes where influenza patients are present.

First, he believed that the epidemic would soon crest and then decline. Over 50 people have volunteered to adopt influenza orphans. An explosion at the T.A. 17 Minutes of Department of Health of the City of New York, 4 October 1918, Department of Health Minutes, Book 13, New York City Municipal Archives, New York, NY. By 1910, its population peaked at more than 500,000 persons, about 400,000 of them Jewish. New Yorkers gather in the streets to celebrate Armistice Day, November 11, 1918.

37 “Sunday Grip Aid Given by Women,” New York American, 28 Oct. 1918, 5. The incumbents Glynn, May, Sohmer, Parsons, Call and Bensel were defeated.

The 1914 New York state election was held on November 3, 1914, to elect the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor, the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer, a U.S. On October 19, physicians reported 4,875 new cases of influenza. If the infection rate does not decrease, Health Commissioner Copeland will ask the Fuel Administration for permission to heat homes before November 1. Copeland’s greatest anxiety was public transportation, especially subways, which he believed were the most dangerous of all public places because of the tremendous crowding they caused. The American Red Cross makes 35,000 face masks as a preventative measure. The new, staggered hours are relieving congestion on public transportation. The Polyclinic Hospital, being used by the Army, is turned over to the City for use as an emergency hospital. Population history of New York from 1790 - 1990 year rank population 1790 1 33131 1800 1 60515 1810 1 96373 1820 1 123706 1830 1 202589 1840 1 312710 1850 1 515547 1860 1 813669 1870 1 942292 1880 1 1206299 1890 1 1515301 1900 1 3437202 1910 1 4766883 1920 1 5620048 1930 1 6930446 1940 1 7454995 1950 1 7891957 1960 1 7781984 1970 1 7894862 …

Address by Louis I. Harris, Director of the Bureau of Preventable Disease, New York City Department of Health, delivered at a meeting of the Eastern Medical Society, Oct. 11, 1918, and published in the New York Medical Journal,108:7 (26 October 26, 1918).

666 cases of influenza and 109 deaths are reported today. Mrs. William Hearst is in charge of the Committee. Twenty cases of influenza are reported today. They nominated Charles Edward Russell for U.S. Over the course of the next several weeks, more ships bearing ill sailors arrived at New York harbor. 551 cases of influenza and 71 deaths are reported today. Fifty laborers are drafted from various City departments to assist with grave digging at Calvary Cemetery, where 400 bodies remain unburied. 836 cases of influenza and 45 deaths are reported today. The board also made coughing and sneezing without covering your nose or mouth a misdemeanor.34, Volunteers, city workers, and health officials continued their work. The sanitary code was reprinted in 1920 with the revisions and amendments made during the previous several years. Acting on behalf of the shipyards, Richmond Borough President Calvin Van Name implored Hylan to order Copeland to close Staten Island theaters, saloons, and other places of amusement in the hopes of bringing a swift end to the epidemic.26 Business owners prepared to counter any such move. The New York Public Library and its branches are allowed to circulate books again.

Seventy-five cases of influenza are quarantined at Ellis Island.

Health Commissioner Copeland orders a house-to-house canvass to determine the number of influenza orphans. He did ask the city government for $5,000 with which to fight the growing epidemic, however. Businesses that normally opened before 8:00 am or closed after 6:00 pm were not affected. At Health Commissioner Copeland’s request, draft board operations are halted for a week to free up physicians. 44 New York Department of Health, “Our Part in the Victory Parade,” Staff News. A special Bronx Emergency Advisory Committee has been formed to record cases and provide nurses.